Understanding Different Chainsaw Cuts for Safe and Effective Tree Removal
When it comes to safely and effectively cutting down trees, understanding the different types of chainsaw cuts is crucial. These cuts not only determine the direction of the tree’s fall but also help to minimize accidents and property damage. In this guide, we will explore the key chainsaw cuts used by arborists and how to use them properly.
Disclaimer: Family Tree Care does not encourage anyone to cut down trees without professional assistance and training. Safety is paramount, and we strongly recommend consulting a certified arborist for tree removal projects.
The Face Cut (Notch Cut)
The face cut, also known as the notch cut, is the first cut made when felling a tree. It consists of two cuts: one downward cut and a horizontal cut. The purpose of this notch is to guide the direction of the tree’s fall. The notch should always be placed on the side of the tree facing where you want the tree to fall.
Types of Notch Cuts:
Open-Faced Notch: This type of notch is ideal for maximum control over the tree’s fall. It involves a large opening (70 to 90 degrees) and is commonly used for larger trees or when you need precision, such as on a slope(Bovees, where the growing begins!)(Garden Guides).
Conventional Notch: The oldest method, cut at a 45-55 degree angle. This notch is quicker to execute but can be less controlled compared to the open-faced notch(Bovees, where the growing begins!).
Humboldt Notch: Preferred for tall trees on steep slopes, the Humboldt notch has a horizontal bottom cut and an angled top cut, resulting in a lower stump(Everything Arboriculture)(Forbes Tree Care).
The Back Cut
The back cut is made on the opposite side of the tree, slightly above the notch cut. Its purpose is to release the tree from the stump and guide its fall. The key here is to leave a section of uncut wood, known as the hingewood, to maintain control over the fall. The back cut should never go deeper than the notch cut, as this can cause the tree to fall unpredictably.
How to Make a Back Cut:
Position the cut 2-3 inches above the bottom of the notch(Garden Guides).
Stop before cutting all the way through to leave the hinge intact.
Use felling wedges to keep the tree stable and prevent the chainsaw from getting pinched(Bovees, where the growing begins!).
Why the Hinge is Important
The hingewood left between the notch and back cut plays a critical role in controlling the tree’s fall. Without it, the tree may fall too early or in an unintended direction. For maximum safety, ensure that the hinge is about 10% of the tree's diameter and always check that your cuts are properly aligned(Forbes Tree Care).
Safety Considerations
Tree felling is a dangerous task that requires planning, precision, and safety equipment. Before making any cuts, ensure you have the right gear, including a hard hat, safety goggles, gloves, and chainsaw chaps. It’s also important to clear the area and establish an escape route to move away safely once the tree begins to fall(Everything Arboriculture)(Forestry).
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Cutting too deep: Making the back cut too deep can cause the tree to fall prematurely.
Incorrect notch angles: If the angles on your notch cut don’t align properly, the tree may fall in an unintended direction.
Not using wedges: Always have wedges on hand to prevent the tree from pinching your chainsaw(Bovees, where the growing begins!)(Forestry).
Conclusion
Understanding and correctly executing the face cut and back cut are essential for safely felling trees. However, tree felling is highly dangerous and requires professional training. Even experienced individuals should always prioritize safety by wearing the proper gear and planning escape routes. Family Tree Care recommends consulting certified arborists for any tree removal projects, ensuring the safety of yourself, your property, and the environment.
By following proper tree felling techniques and using chainsaw cuts like the face cut and back cut, you can ensure a safer and more controlled tree removal process. But remember, no amount of preparation replaces professional training, and the risks of improper technique are high.
Sources:
Everything Arboriculture(Everything Arboriculture)
Bovees(Bovees, where the growing begins!)
Forestry.com(Forestry)
Garden Guides(Garden Guides)
